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The Returnees. The European wolf (Canis lupus lupus) is zoologically classified as a carnivore (Carnivora) and belongs to the dog family (Canidae). Once the most widespread mammal in the world, it has almost completely disappeared from many parts of Europe. Thanks to strict protection, the wolf population has been slowly recovering for the past 30 years. Wolves are highly adaptable and live in social family groups (packs). This enables them to colonize diverse habitats and hunt efficiently, even under extreme conditions, and successfully raise their offspring.
Wolves form packs. Usually these consist of the parents, puppies and some older offspring. On average, wolves give birth to four to five pups. Mostly in a cave excavated by the wolves within the area and near a water source. The larger the food supply, the larger the wolf pack. The pack rarely consists of more than twelve animals. The size of the wolves' territory also depends on the food available. It varies from 200 to 300 square kilometers. They are constantly on the move within their territory. They avoid contact with people, which does not mean that they also avoid human settlements if they are part of their territory. Their prey depends on regional availability.
The wolf's eyes are superb. It has a viewing angle of 250 ° and can see perfectly even at night. His sense of smell is just as good. He can smell conspecifics and prey animals up to 2 kilometers away. He can also hear excellently and perceive tones of up to 40 kilohertz. It can recognize conspecifics from a distance of several kilometers.
The wolf has a shoulder height of 70 to 90 cm. The tail is straight and bushy, the ears are smaller and also densely furred on the inside. The fur of the European wolves varies and is colored from yellowish gray, gray-brown to dark gray. The throat and the underside of the snout are lighter and the back of the ears are reddish. The eyes are light brown to yellow. The tip of the tail and the front of the legs are often black and the fur on the back usually has a black saddle patch. In the wild, wolves live for 10-12 years.
In its appearance it resembles a large domestic dog. That is why it often happens that large dogs are mistaken for wolves.
The wolf is strictly protected by the following international and national legal provisions:
- Washington Convention on the Protection of Species (WA) Appendix II
- Bern Convention Annex II
- EC regulation 338/97 Appendix A
- Habitats Directive 92/43 / EEC Annex II; priority type
- Habitats Directive 92/43 / EEC Annex IV
- Federal Nature Conservation Act (BNatSchG)
- Federal Species Protection Ordinance BArtSchV
- State Nature Conservation Act (LNatSchG)
With us in Naturpark High mark The State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection of North Rhine-Westphalia (LANUV) two wolf territories reported:
“Wolf territory Dämmerwald-Üfter Mark” and “Wolf territory Schermbeck”.
Encounters with the wolf?
Even in an area where wolves have their territory, it is extremely unlikely that you will see a wolf. Wolves avoid being close to humans. However, with young and inexperienced wolves, curiosity can sometimes be stronger than fear.
If you encounter a wolf, you should behave in this way:
Naturpark Hohe Mark e. V.
im Naturparkhouse Tiergarten Schloss Raesfeld
Tiergarten 1
46348 Raesfeld
Phone: 02865 - 609110
Email: np-hohemark@raesfeld.de
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