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Lights out for environmental protection

Since the beginning of humanity, our lives have been closely interwoven with the course of the sun – our sleep rhythm is based on the natural twilight times and ends with the first light of dawn.
For us, it is natural to turn on artificial light: to read a book, to shop in brightly lit stores, to go to markets or even to take a walk in the evening – to feel safe.

It's hard to imagine what everyday life would be like without these countless light sources. Yet this is exactly how it was for many millennia until humans discovered light. The sun was the only source of light, and the stars and moon served as guides at night: stargazing is also considered one of humanity's oldest sciences!

Artificial light brought freedom and prosperity to humanity. It represents warmth, progress, and goodness, while darkness is often perceived as its opposite. A fascinating transformation that demonstrates how much we have come to value light.

We are capable of intervening more and more deeply into the darkness—both in a positive and negative sense. However, what brings comfort to one person may cause discomfort to another. And, as we all know, the dose makes the poison.

Light pollution or light immission refers to the excessive or improper use of artificial light that disturbs natural darkness, e.g. in street lighting, billboards, lighting of houses, sports facilities, construction sites or other artificial light sources: such as the tradition of over-illumination at Christmas time.
Light pollution includes direct glare from strong light sources, artificial brightening of the night sky, but also disturbance to neighbors within the meaning of the Federal Immission Control Act (BImSCHG).
Here is the definition of Concept of light pollution by the German Bundestag.

Light domes over cities and industrial facilities are visible from afar, brightening the night sky and disturbing both the environment and humans. The term "pollution" refers to the negative impact of these artificial light sources, similar to other forms of environmental pollution.

The pace of light pollution is rapid. More and more artificial light turns night into day and disrupts this vital rhythm:
Life gets out of sync, disrupts ecosystems, and threatens species—including humans, because habitat is reciprocal. Changes in the ecosystem can lead to the extinction of species, which in turn affects other species. But nature needs unlit areas.

The extent of global light pollution shows the Lightpollusion map

What can we do?
We can weigh up how much light is needed to achieve well-being – without being a nuisance. Find the right balance and use artificial light responsibly.

Some countries have already introduced laws to reduce light pollution. The Czech Republic was the first to pass such a law in 2002, banning, for example, upward-facing lamps. Slovenia followed with similar regulations in 2007. France has had regulations in place since 2013 that keep shop windows and facades dark at night, turn off lights in office buildings one hour after the end of use, and limit the lighting of cultural monuments and public parks and gardens to a maximum of 1 a.m.

In Germany, there is currently no nationwide law on light pollution. However, there is a legal regulation on light pollution in Germany.  There is also a Key points paper for insect protection.

Some cities and municipalities have launched local initiatives. Fulda, a city in Hesse, has taken measures to reduce light pollution and, thanks to its efforts, was named Germany's first "Star City" by the International Dark Sky Association (IDA) in 2019. Germany's first night safety officer also works here.

 

Another example is this UNESCO Rhön Biosphere Reserve, which was recognized as an International Star Park by the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) in 2014.

Or the International Star Park Eifel National Park. It was named the first International Dark Sky Park in Germany in 2014!
To clarify: A star park is not an adventure park, but rather a title that is awarded. The title "star park" is conferred by the International Dark Sky Association (IDA) on areas with particularly protected and almost natural nightscapes.

 

 

This article was created as part of the project 'Night in the Büngerner / Dingdener Heide'. 

 

                          

                  

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